Deinstitutionalization of the Mental Health System: International Experience and Georgia

Abstract

Introduction: According to the World Health Organization (WHO), more than a quarter of the world's population lives with mental health problems, but in many countries mental health services do not meet their needs. A particularly acute problem is the development of deinstitutionalization and community-based care. The aim of the study is to analyze the challenges of the deinstitutionalization process of mental health services. Methodology: A theoretical study of the issue was carried out and relevant literature was analyzed. Results: The success of the deinstitutionalization process depends on political will, social and economic factors, as well as the readiness of the health system. The WHO Mental Health Action Plan for 2023–2030 defines specific goals, including strengthening community-based care systems and increasing the effectiveness of mental health services. At the same time, it is important to implement legislative reforms and raise public awareness. Conclusion: Deinstitutionalization of mental health requires a long-term vision, strategic planning, and strong support at both the political and societal levels.