Dangerous Liaison Between Tobacco Smoking and Asthma

Abstract

Introduction: The interaction between smoking and asthma leads to significant adverse effects on disease symptoms, progression, and treatment outcomes. Smoking worsens asthma by accelerating lung function decline, increasing symptom severity, and reducing treatment efficacy. This study investigates the biological mechanisms of treatment resistance and the harmful impact of smoking on asthma progression. The primary objectives are to understand how smoking exacerbates asthma symptoms, evaluate the challenges of managing asthma in smokers, and explore the implications of tobacco use on treatment resistance and long-term respiratory health. Methodology: A comprehensive literature review was conducted, analysing peer-reviewed studies on the relationship between smoking and asthma. Results: The findings revealed that smoking impairs airway function, induces chronic inflammation, and alters immune responses, leading to more frequent asthma exacerbations. Second-hand smoke was found to cause similar harmful effects, especially in children and non-smoking adults. Smokers with asthma showed reduced responsiveness to corticosteroids and bronchodilators, highlighting the need for alternative therapeutic strategies. Discussion: The study underscores the importance of integrating smoking cessation into asthma management plans. Early intervention, personalized therapies, and public health initiatives targeting smoking reduction can significantly improve patient outcomes. Conclusion: Smoking cessation is essential for effective asthma management and long-term respiratory health. A multidisciplinary approach combining medical, behavioural, and psychological interventions can reduce healthcare costs and promote a healthier, smoke-free lifestyle for individuals with asthma.